Ezina · A Field Manual for Plant Care · United States Vol. I · Ed. 2027 · Proof copy

§ When to plant · Arkansas · Checked Sept 2026

When to plant vegetables in Arkansas

In Little Rock, tender crops like tomatoes and peppers can go out around April 6, and frost has historically passed 9 years in 10 by April 21. Cool-season crops go in from February, and again from July for fall.

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§ 010 · Frost dates

Frost dates across Arkansas

Based on NOAA's 1991–2020 station records, with adjustments for tender crops.

City · NOAA stationLast frost, on averagePlant tender crops fromFrost is over, 9 of 10 years byFall frost possible from
Bella VistaBENTONVILLE 4 S · 17 kmApr 12Apr 25April 25May 8Oct 13
BentonBENTON · 3 kmMar 24Apr 9April 9Apr 24Oct 26
BentonvilleBENTONVILLE 4 S · 5 kmApr 12Apr 25April 25May 8Oct 13
CabotCABOT · 2 kmApr 4Apr 17April 17Apr 30Oct 18
CentertonFAYETTEVILLE NORTHWEST AR AIRPORT · 8 kmApr 8Apr 22April 22May 5Oct 14
ConwayCONWAY · 4 kmApr 2Apr 15April 15Apr 28Oct 20
FayettevilleFAYETTEVILLE EXPERIMENT STATION · 3 kmApr 4Apr 18April 18May 2Oct 17
Fort SmithFORT SMITH REGIONAL AIRPORT · 2 kmMar 25Apr 10April 10Apr 25Oct 23
Hot SpringsHOT SPRINGS 1 NNE · 3 kmMar 19Apr 4April 4Apr 19Oct 28
JacksonvilleLITTLE ROCK · 13 kmMar 16Apr 1April 1Apr 16Oct 31
JonesboroJONESBORO MUNICIPAL AIRPORT · 3 kmMar 23Apr 7April 7Apr 21Oct 27
Little RockLITTLE ROCK AIRPORT ADAMS FIELD · 11 kmMar 21Apr 6April 6Apr 21Oct 29
North Little RockLITTLE ROCK AIRPORT ADAMS FIELD · 6 kmMar 21Apr 6April 6Apr 21Oct 29
ParagouldPARAGOULD 1S · 2 kmMar 26Apr 8April 8Apr 20Oct 26
Pine BluffPINE BLUFF · 2 kmMar 14Mar 30March 30Apr 15Oct 31
RogersBENTONVILLE 4 S · 6 kmApr 12Apr 25April 25May 8Oct 13
RussellvilleRUSSELLVILLE MUNICIPAL AIRPORT · 4 kmMar 29Apr 11April 11Apr 24Oct 20
SherwoodLITTLE ROCK · 6 kmMar 16Apr 1April 1Apr 16Oct 31
SpringdaleFAYETTEVILLE EXPERIMENT STATION · 10 kmApr 4Apr 18April 18May 2Oct 17
TexarkanaTEXARKANA WEBB FIELD · 3 kmMar 13Mar 29March 29Apr 14Nov 1

Arkansas's 20 largest cities (U.S. Census Bureau 2025 estimates), A to Z, each with its nearest NOAA station and the distance to it. Search any town to get its nearest station. "Plant tender crops from" is halfway between the average last frost and the date frost is over 9 years in 10; if frost is in the forecast after it, wait until it passes and nights stay above 36°F.

§ 020 · What to plant

What to plant in Arkansas, and when

Planting windows from Arkansas's Cooperative Extension Service. Filter by season or crop group; every view has its own link.

Season
Crops
  • Dark green: fall planting window
  • Light green: spring and summer planting window
  • TenderKilled by frost: spring planting from the "plant tender crops from" date for your city

§ 030 · Crop by crop

Planting in Arkansas

Each crop has its own link, like #tomatoes. Tender crops wait for the frost dates above; succession crops are sown again every few weeks for a steady harvest.

  • Dark green: fall planting window
  • Light green: spring and summer planting window

Asparagus

Asparagus officinalis

Perennial
Asparagus
Photo by Evelyn Simak / CC BY-SA 2.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant March to April.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Beets

Beta vulgaris

Cool seasonSuccession sow
Beets
Photo by W.carter / CC BY-SA 4.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant February to April, and again August to September.

Ready in about 58 days; sow again every 6 weeks.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Broccoli

Brassica oleracea

Cool season
Broccoli
Photo by Kolforn / CC BY-SA 4.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant February to April, and again August to September.

Ready in about 95 days from seed, 65 from transplants.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Brussels sprouts

Brassica oleracea

Cool season
Brussels sprouts
Photo by Nick Saltmarsh / CC BY 2.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant February to April.

Ready in about 130 days from seed, 100 from transplants.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Cabbage

Brassica oleracea

Cool season
Cabbage
Photo by Biswarup Ganguly / CC BY-SA 3.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant February to April; Set out transplants August to September.

Ready in about 110 days from seed, 80 from transplants.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Cantaloupe

Cucumis melo

Tender
Cantaloupe
Photo by Seth Vidal / CC BY-SA 2.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant April to May.

Ready in about 80 days from seed, 70 from transplants. Tender: in spring, from about April 6 in Little Rock. If frost is in the forecast, hold off until it passes and nights stay above 36°F.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Carrots

Daucus carota

Cool seasonSuccession sow
Carrots
Photo by Evan-Amos / Public domain / Wikimedia Commons

Plant February to April, and again August.

Ready in about 70 days; sow again every 7 weeks.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Cauliflower

Brassica oleracea

Cool season
Cauliflower
Photo by Coyau / CC BY-SA 3.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant February to April; Set out transplants August to September.

Ready in about 95 days from seed, 68 from transplants.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Chinese cabbage

Brassica rapa

Cool season
Chinese cabbage
Photo by Drab Makyo / CC BY 2.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant July to September, and again August to September.

Ready in about 75 days from seed, 60 from transplants.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Collards

Brassica oleracea

Cool season
Collards
Photo by شارق کشمیری / CC BY-SA 4.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant February to July, and again August to September.

Ready in about 65 days from seed, 55 from transplants.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Cucumbers

Cucumis sativus

TenderSuccession sow
Cucumbers
Photo by Stephen Ausmus, USDA ARS / Public domain / Wikimedia Commons

Plant April to May, and again August.

Ready in about 58 days from seed, 50 from transplants; sow again every 7 weeks. Tender: in spring, from about April 6 in Little Rock. If frost is in the forecast, hold off until it passes and nights stay above 36°F.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Eggplant

Solanum melongena

Tender
Eggplant
Photo by Billjones94 / CC BY-SA 4.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant April to May.

Ready in about 75 days from transplants. Tender: in spring, from about April 6 in Little Rock. If frost is in the forecast, hold off until it passes and nights stay above 36°F.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Endive and escarole

Cichorium endivia

Cool seasonSuccession sow
Endive and escarole
Photo by Montréalais / CC BY-SA 3.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant March to April.

Ready in about 90 days from seed, 70 from transplants; sow again every 8 weeks.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Garlic

Allium sativum

Cool seasonOverwinters
Garlic
Photo by Billjones94 / CC BY-SA 4.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant October to December.

Ready in about 240 days.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Green beans

Phaseolus vulgaris

TenderSuccession sow
Green beans
Photo by Juan Carlos Fonseca Mata / CC BY-SA 4.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant March to August, and again August to September.

Ready in about 55 days; sow again every 5 weeks. Tender: in spring, from about April 6 in Little Rock. If frost is in the forecast, hold off until it passes and nights stay above 36°F.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Kale

Brassica oleracea

Cool season
Kale
Photo by Rasbak / CC BY-SA 3.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant February to April, and again August to September.

Ready in about 60 days from seed, 45 from transplants.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Lettuce

Lactuca sativa

Cool seasonSuccession sow
Lettuce
Photo by Geo Lightspeed7 / CC BY-SA 4.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant February to April, and again August to September.

Ready in about 65 days from seed, 50 from transplants; sow again every 6 weeks.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Lima beans

Phaseolus lunatus

Tender
Lima beans
Photo by Jud McCranie / CC BY-SA 4.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant April to August, and again August.

Ready in about 75 days. Tender: in spring, from about April 6 in Little Rock. If frost is in the forecast, hold off until it passes and nights stay above 36°F.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Mustard greens

Brassica juncea

Cool season
Mustard greens
Photo by Infrogmation of New Orleans / CC BY-SA 4.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant February to April, and again August to September.

Ready in about 45 days.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Okra

Abelmoschus esculentus

Tender
Okra
Photo by Pedro Acevedo-Rodriguez / CC0 / Smithsonian Open Access / via USDA PLANTS

Plant April to May.

Ready in about 55 days from seed, 45 from transplants. Tender: in spring, from about April 6 in Little Rock. If frost is in the forecast, hold off until it passes and nights stay above 36°F.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Onions

Allium cepa

Cool season
Onions
Photo by Stephen Ausmus, USDA ARS / Public domain / Wikimedia Commons

Plant February to April.

Ready in about 110 days from seed, 95 from transplants.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Peas

Pisum sativum

Cool seasonSuccession sow
Peas
Photo by David Adam Kess / CC BY-SA 4.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant December to April.

Ready in about 65 days; sow again every 5 weeks.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Peppers

Capsicum annuum

Tender
Peppers
Photo by Kham Tran - www.khamtran.com / CC BY-SA 3.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant April to May.

Ready in about 70 days from transplants. Tender: in spring, from about April 6 in Little Rock. If frost is in the forecast, hold off until it passes and nights stay above 36°F.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Potatoes

Solanum tuberosum

Cool season
Potatoes
Photo by Howard, R.A / Public domain / Smithsonian Institution, Richard A. Howard Photograph Collection / via USDA PLANTS

Plant February to April, and again July to August.

Ready in about 100 days.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Pumpkins

Cucurbita pepo

Tender
Pumpkins
Photo by HalfGig / CC BY-SA 3.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant April to May.

Ready in about 110 days from seed, 95 from transplants. Tender: in spring, from about April 6 in Little Rock. If frost is in the forecast, hold off until it passes and nights stay above 36°F.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Radishes

Raphanus sativus

Cool seasonSuccession sow
Radishes
Photo by Rasbak / CC BY-SA 3.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant February to May, and again August to September.

Ready in about 28 days; sow again every 3 weeks.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Southern peas

Vigna unguiculata

Tender
Southern peas
Photo by Jud McCranie / CC BY-SA 4.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant May, and again July to August.

Ready in about 65 days. Tender: in spring, from about April 6 in Little Rock. If frost is in the forecast, hold off until it passes and nights stay above 36°F.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Spinach

Spinacia oleracea

Cool seasonSuccession sow
Spinach
Photo by Victor M. Vicente Selvas / Public domain / Wikimedia Commons

Plant February to April, and again August to September.

Ready in about 42 days; sow again every 5 weeks.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Strawberries

Fragaria × ananassa

Perennial
Strawberries
Photo by Ivar Leidus / CC BY-SA 4.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant September to October.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Summer squash

Cucurbita pepo

TenderSuccession sow
Summer squash
Photo by INRA DIST from France / CC BY 2.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant April to May, and again July to August.

Ready in about 50 days from seed, 40 from transplants; sow again every 7 weeks. Tender: in spring, from about April 6 in Little Rock. If frost is in the forecast, hold off until it passes and nights stay above 36°F.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Sweet corn

Zea mays

TenderSuccession sow
Sweet corn
Photo by Royalbroil / CC BY-SA 2.5 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant March to August, and again July.

Ready in about 78 days; sow again every 6 weeks. Tender: in spring, from about April 6 in Little Rock. If frost is in the forecast, hold off until it passes and nights stay above 36°F.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Sweet potatoes

Ipomoea batatas

Tender
Sweet potatoes
Photo by Howard, R.A / Public domain / Smithsonian Institution, Richard A. Howard Photograph Collection / via USDA PLANTS

Plant April to June.

Ready in about 100 days from transplants. Tender: in spring, from about April 6 in Little Rock. If frost is in the forecast, hold off until it passes and nights stay above 36°F.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Swiss chard

Beta vulgaris

Cool season
Swiss chard
Photo by Neelix / Public domain / Wikimedia Commons

Plant February to May, and again August to September.

Ready in about 55 days from seed, 40 from transplants.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Tomatoes

Solanum lycopersicum

Tender
Tomatoes
Photo by Michal Klajban / CC BY-SA 4.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant March to May; Set out transplants July.

Ready in about 75 days from transplants. Tender: in spring, from about April 6 in Little Rock. If frost is in the forecast, hold off until it passes and nights stay above 36°F.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Turnips

Brassica rapa

Cool seasonSuccession sow
Turnips
Photo by thebittenword.com / CC BY 2.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant February to April, and again August to September.

Ready in about 50 days; sow again every 5 weeks.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Watermelon

Citrullus lanatus

Tender
Watermelon
Photo by F ASTILY / CC BY-SA 4.0 / Wikimedia Commons

Plant April to May.

Ready in about 85 days from seed, 75 from transplants. Tender: in spring, from about April 6 in Little Rock. If frost is in the forecast, hold off until it passes and nights stay above 36°F.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

Winter squash

Cucurbita moschata

Tender
Winter squash
Photo by Howard, R.A / Public domain / Smithsonian Institution, Richard A. Howard Photograph Collection / via USDA PLANTS

Plant May to July.

Ready in about 95 days from seed, 80 from transplants. Tender: in spring, from about April 6 in Little Rock. If frost is in the forecast, hold off until it passes and nights stay above 36°F.

Source: University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX), Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production. Days to harvest: Ezina crop catalog, from state extension guides.

§ 040 · Questions

Questions about planting in Arkansas

When is the last frost in Arkansas?

On average from about March 13 in Texarkana to April 12 in Bella Vista. Frost is over 9 years in 10 by April 14 to May 8.

When can I plant tomatoes in Arkansas?

The extension service lists March to May. Tomatoes are frost-tender, so Ezina dates them from about April 6 in Little Rock. If frost is in the forecast, wait until it passes.

What can I plant in Arkansas in October?

The extension calendar lists garlic, strawberries for October.

Is it too late for a fall garden?

The latest fall windows on the calendar close in December. Filter by Fall above to see what is still open.

Why not use my USDA zone?

A zone is the coldest winter night, not a frost date. These dates come from NOAA station records and the extension service.

Can Ezina date plantings for my address?

Yes. Run Ezina Dig on your address and your bed plans are dated from that site's own frost records, on iPhone and Android in the contiguous U.S.

Changes

29 Sept 2026: page published.

Sources

University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service (UAEX): Arkansas Spring and Summer Vegetable Planting Dates; Planting Dates for Fall Vegetable Production.

NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020, station freeze probabilities. U.S. Census Bureau, Vintage 2025 city and town population estimates and 2020 place gazetteer. Days to harvest and re-sowing intervals: Ezina's crop catalog, compiled from state Cooperative Extension guides. Photos: Wikimedia Commons and USDA PLANTS, credited under each photo. Checked Sept 2026.